The transportation industry is highly regulated and requires a number of requirements to be met and maintained before a carrier can begin, or continue, to operate. Managing these documents can get difficult, especially with larger companies. In order to properly maintain compliance, Abante offers services to ease the administrative burden on employers and help ensure that you meet all standards and requirements necessary for your company to operate.
Whether you are wanting to get your own authority under the DOT, or you are an established carrier needing help with various registration and/or permit requirements, ABANTE’s Transportation Compliance team (ATC) can help you. As a carrier your job is to focus on your business and generate revenue for your business. Abante can help you stay focused by eliminating the stress of making sure you are up-to-date with all the proper registrations, permits, and authorities.
ATC Licensing and Permitting services include:
- IRP Account Setup
- IRP Renewals
- IRP Supplements (including additions, deletions, transfers, replacement plates, duplicate cab cards, and weight group changes)
- State Mileage, Over-Dimensional, and Over-Weight Truck Permits
- Trip and Fuel Permits
Operating Authorities
- UCR – Unified Carrier Registration for all commercial carriers operating in interstate commerce
- USDOT and MC Setups
- TX MC Authority
- MCS-150 Biennial updates
- BOC-3
Abante reduces the hassle of licensing and permitting by providing real-time, web-based reporting, which helps you track the status of permit and license applications, as well as license needs for every vehicle in a fleet. A personalized account manager will help you coordinate all necessary compliance standards regardless of your industry.
What is a Freight Broker?
Freight brokering is when a broker agent works with both shipping companies and carriers and serve as the middle man. Many freight brokers pick up their profit by negotiating rates with shippers and negotiating a different rate with owner-operators. The difference between the two rates is the freight broker’s commission. As a result, freight brokers are motivated to encourage shippers to pay high rates while offering carriers a rate that helps them make a profit. If you do not have good negotiation skills, knowledge of pay rates in certain lanes, and know your operating cost when dealing with a freight broker, it is easy to accept loads that can sink your business. It is important to be very selective when choosing a broker (some are more motivated by profit than others). If the freight broker also offers quick pay, they take another percentage from the carrier’s agreed-upon rate.
Freight Broker
Get Your Broker Authority
Anyone who transports goods in exchange for compensation or helps is required to have a broker, or operating, authority through the FMCSA.
Your broker authority allows you to operate legally in the business. Once you have your USDOT number, you can apply for your broker authority. There is a one-time fee for obtaining the broker authority.
Determine Your Process Agents at Each Stage
You will need to determine your process agents at each stage of your business to apply for. A process agent is an individual who provides legal representation within the state that the broker operates. They are registered with the FMCSA via BOC-3. Freight brokers need a process agent as part of the licensing and registration process.
Satisfy the $75K Requirement
You will also need to get either a freight broker bond (BMC-84) or establish a trust fund (BMC-85) to get your freight broker license in the amount of $75,000. This sum is used to protect shippers and carriers against unlawful practices by licensed brokers. This is required for all freight brokers operating in the United States.
Getting Your BMC-84 Bond or BMC-85 Trust Fund
The major difference between the BMC-84 surety and BMC-85 trust fund is how the $75,000 is covered.
For the BMC-84 Bond, but freight brokers are not required to pay this entire amount. Instead, freight broker bonds are priced as a percentage of the total bond amount, typically ranging from $500 to $2,000, depending on credit history and financial information of the broker.
Get Your Unified Carrier Registration
In addition to the requirements listed above, new freight brokers also need to register with the Unified Carrier Registration. This is not a program through FMCSA, but instead is an agreement among the states that helps govern and regulate fees paid by motor carriers, brokers, and other transportation professionals.
Oversize/Overweight Permits
Wide Load Regulations, Rules, Flags and Permit Costs by State
Over-the-road trucking is here to stay. Based on Bureau of Transportation Statistics, trucking carries more than 10 billion tons of freight annually, and that number is increasing steadily. Of that, six percent, or 600 million tons of all truck loads were oversize/overweight loads.1
The oversize load trucking industry has its own set of complexities. In addition to the trucking companies and their drivers, there are brokers who contract their services, their customers, and the businesses that support the oversize hauling operations, including vendors of safety equipment and signs as well as contract escort vehicle operators. Finally, each state has an agency devoted to permitting and regulating oversize and overweight loads.
What is an Oversize Load?
Simply, an oversize load is any load that exceeds the maximum legal width, height, and/or length as defined by each state or province in the United States and Canada.
Typically, the maximum legal load width is 8.5 feet, and the maximum height limit is 13.5 to 14.5 feet. Legal length, both in definition and measured length, varies significantly from state to state. Although maximum vehicle width by state may vary as well, the width of 8.5 is almost uniform since it is based on the standard width of a highway travel lane, which is typically 12 feet for Interstates and major highways. This discussion focuses on over-width loads – loads that are more than 8.5 feet wide.
Any load more than 8.5 feet wide is, by definition, an oversize load, and with few exceptions will require a state permit to travel on public highways. In some cases, on local, narrower roads, the maximum legal trailer width may be just 8 feet. Depending upon the state, once the width of a load exceeds 12 or 14 feet, there are additional requirements and/or restrictions, such as the requirement for pilot or escort vehicles (P/EV) and limited permitted travel times and routes. Any load that exceeds 16 feet in width becomes a “superload” and subject to more requirements to ensure that the load can be moved safely. Some superloads may require temporary road closures and attendance of state police or other law enforcement.
For operators and drivers of oversize loads, the challenge is not so much loading and moving the cargo but negotiating the myriad state regulations and permitting processes.
Note: Wide loads may also be overweight loads, but the issue of vehicle weights is not included in this discussion.
When preparing to move any over-width load, it’s important to know the exact dimensions of the shipment to determine if a permit is required and support services required.
State Regulations and Overwidth Permits
Maximum legal dimensions of loads vary from state to states, but any vehicle and load that exceeds one or more legal dimension usually requires a permit defining the size, weight, and nature of the load and the origin and destination of the haul. Fees for permits are determined by the nature of the load and vary from state to state. Fees range from as little as $15.00 to more than $70 for the same basic load, depending on the state. There may also be a fee of approximately $15.00 to process the application. Operators who frequently move oversize loads may set up accounts with the states that will reduce or eliminate application fees for future permits. Permits may be issued for one-time hauls, multiple similar hauls (e. g, similar prefabricated assemblies for a construction project) or annual permits for the movement of similar hauls such as manufactured housing or other regularly produced, oversize commodities
The permit defines the conditions of the movement of the wide load, the route of travel, the safety equipment required, including whether escort vehicles will be required, any directed or restricted times of moving the load, and the fee for the permit. Based on the request for the permit, it will be issued for a limited period such as a specific date, or during a specified period of days. Most long-term permits must be renewed at least annually.
Each state designates a department to oversee issuance of permits and collect fees. In some states, this is an office within the Department of Transportation, while in other states it may a branch of the Department of Revenue, and there may be one central office or there may be multiple locations that process permit applications.
Always keep in mind, regardless of the permit, operators and drivers must comply with any safety equipment, escort requirements, and driver’s time in the seat limits.
Safety Equipment
Safety equipment is a key element in hauling any over-dimensional load. Safety equipment includes warning signs, flags, and lights to ensure that other drivers are aware of, and can see, the edges and ends of the oversize load. Typically, states require the hauling vehicle to have a yellow and black “WIDE LOAD” or “OVERSIZE LOAD” sign or banner across the front of the towing vehicle and at the back of the vehicle or at the end of the load if it extends beyond the rear of the hauling vehicle.
Warning flags, red or fluorescent orange, 18 in square, must be attached to forward and rear corners of the oversize load. Additional flags must be attached to any extensions or protuberances that extend farther from the sides of the vehicle and the corners. Note that the mounting of the flags is NOT included in the total width of the load.
If the load is permitted to move at night, amber or red lights should be placed at about the same positions as the flags, including on the ends of any protuberances. Lights may also be required anytime the load is moving under conditions of reduced visibility such as fog or rain. Otherwise the load should pull off the road at the first suitable place and wait for visibility conditions to improve.
Warning lights are required at the extremities of a wide load (similar placement as the flags).
Some states also require a rotating or flashing light atop the cab of the hauling vehicle. All warning devices must be clearly visible to other drivers, usually from a proscribed minimum distance such as 250 or 400 feet.
Finally, all warning banners, flags, and lights are to be removed or turned off when the truck is not hauling the load.
There are differences in requirements between states. If the haul is going to enter or transit several states, the operator must be aware of the requirements in each state. In some cases, states will honor the safety equipment of another state–but this should be confirmed at the time of permit application. Usually, the required dimensions for banners and flags are described as a “minimum” size, therefore, when traversing several states, use the largest size required within that group of states.
Escort Vehicles
Most states do not require escort vehicles for loads that are no more than 10 feet wide, while a few states require escort vehicles for all oversize loads. Depending on the type and size of the load, only one, or two escort vehicles will be required.
For example, on highways that are not divided highways, an escort vehicle may be required in front of the load, whereas on a divided highway such as an Interstate, the escort may only be required behind the load. Additionally, in some states, all oversize loads moved during the night may require escort vehicles.
For loads more than 10 feet wide, up to an absolute limit, usually about 14 feet wide, escort vehicles may be required both in front of, and behind the load.
It is not uncommon for a truck and load moving through a state where escort vehicles are not required, to be met by escort vehicles as they transition into a state requiring escort vehicles.
Extra wide loads: In some cases, larger wide loads, as defined by each state, may also require law enforcement escorts, including state police, sheriff’s officers, or other qualified security personnel. Police and sheriff personnel’s time is usually paid for by the hauling company/operator.
Running times
Permitted travel times vary widely between states, and in cities and communities within a state. Many states restrict movements of oversized loads to daylight hours. These restrictions may only apply to state highways and not Interstates. These restrictions may also vary according to the size of the oversize load: for example, loads greater than 10 feet wide may be restricted to daylight hours, while oversize loads no more 10 ft. wide may move at night on Interstates and four-lane divided highways. In some cases, wide loads may be required to move at night during periods of least traffic. When moving loads through several states, operators must review the requirements the permit(s) for each state to fully understand and comply with each set of regulations. Penalties for not adhering to the conditions of the permit, or for not having the required permit can result in significant fines.
Many sates also limit movement of oversize loads on weekends and/or legal holidays, including individual state holidays. During holiday periods, travel must stop at a designated time, e.g., noon, on the day before the holiday and not resume until the day after the holiday. The objective is to not have oversize loads traveling during periods of anticipated increased holiday traffic.
- Based on data contained in FHWA Oversize/Overweight Vehicle Permit Fee Study, October 2012, Report No. 06736-2
- For an overview of various state regulations see: Oversize Load Flags, Lights, Signs, Banners, Holiday Restrictions and Running Times Regulations By State
